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JCM 2026 Vol.21(5): 685-692
Doi: 10.12720/jcm.21.5.685-692

Digital Twin of a Wireless Channel Using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)

Vijayakumar Ponnusamy1,*, Vasuki Andiappan2, Vinodhini Manickaraj3, and Malathi Devendran4
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203, India
2Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Vadapalani, Chennai, 600026, India
3Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, India
4Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, India
Email: vijayakp@srmist.edu.in (V.P.); vasuki.andiappan@gmail.com (V.A.); m_vinodhini@blr.amrita.edu (V.M.); malathy@kongu.ac.in (M.D.)
*Corresponding author

Manuscript received March 2, 2026; revised May 4, 2026; accepted June 15, 2026; published October 27, 2026

Abstract—For intelligent wireless communication systems, precise wireless channel estimation and the development of a digital twin capable of replicating wireless channel characteristics are essential. Standard channel‑estimation methods such as Least Squares (LS) and Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) are built upon linear estimation techniques and thus struggle to capture the nonlinear and temporal dynamics of wireless channels. This work focuses on capturing the temporal variations of the wireless channel by developing a digital‑twin framework based on a Long Short‑Term Memory (LSTM) neural network. The LSTM is trained with real‑world channel measurement data to learn complex relationships among wireless channel characteristics. Predicting channel characteristics helps reduce channel‑estimation overhead and improves the accuracy of channel‑state estimation. The proposed framework achieves a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.035 and a correlation coefficient of 0.999, outperforming conventional channel‑estimation approaches including LS, MMSE, and the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)‑based model. The results demonstrate that the LSTM‑driven digital twin can accurately replicate the temporal and amplitude characteristics of the physical wireless channel.  
 
Keywords—digital twin, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), channel prediction, Mean Squared Error (MSE)


Cite: Vijayakumar Ponnusamy, Vasuki Andiappan, Vinodhini Manickaraj, and Malathi Devendran, "Digital Twin of a Wireless Channel Using  Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)," Journal of Communications, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 685-692, 2026.

Copyright © 2026 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).
 

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