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JCM 2026 Vol.21(5): 656-668
Doi: 10.12720/jcm.21.5.656-668

Compact Wheelchair-shaped THz Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Antenna with Enhanced Isolation for Ultra-high-speed 6G Networks

Md. Ashraful Haque1,*, Fardin Ahmed Rifat2, Mehidy Hasan3, Jun-Jiat Tiang4,*, Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh5, and Mahafujul Haq Riad2
1Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh (ULAB), Dhaka, Bangladesh
2Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
3Department of Engineering Management, Trine University, Angola, USA
4Centre for Wireless Technology, CoE for Intelligent Network, Faculty of Artificial Intelligence and Engineering, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
5Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Email: limon.ashraf@gmail.com (M.A.H.); rifat33-1769@diu.edu.bd (F.A.R.); mehidy2802@gmail.com (M.H.); jjtiang@mmu.edu.my (J-J.T.); narinderjits.sawaran@newinti.edu.my (N.S.S.S.); riad33-1728@gmail.com (M.H.R.)
*Corresponding author

Manuscript received November 24, 2025; revised February 2, 2026; accepted February 10, 2026; published October 27, 2026.

Abstract—In this paper, a compact, high-gain 2 × 2 Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) microstrip patch antenna design is introduced for ultra-high-speed wireless communication in the prospective Sixth-Generation (6G) and beyond system. The suggested antenna can be used in the THz range, with dual resonances at 3.6368 THz and 4.8179 THz, covering a wideband region of 2.2047 THz from 2.839 THz to 5.017 THz. The maximum gain of 11.875 dB, an Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) of 0.0002845, and a Diversity Gain (DG) of 9.998, indicating that this MIMO system can perform well in a multipath environment. An isolation of ‒30.334 dB and an efficiency of 80.62 % in the radiation are obtained by the antenna. The small 160 × 360 µm size, together with high performance and a validated Resistor-Inductor-Capacitor (RLC) equivalent circuit model, makes the antenna performance in terms of bandwidth, gain, isolation, efficiency, and RLC integration also exceed that of available THz antenna designs, making it a potential candidate for 6G wireless communication, intelligent sensing, and high-resolution imaging applications.  

Keywords—Sixth-Generation (6G), dual resonance, wideband, high gain, industrial and innovation

 
Cite: Md. Ashraful Haque, Fardin Ahmed Rifat, Mehidy Hasan, Jun-Jiat Tiang,  Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh, and Mahafujul Haq Riad, "Compact Wheelchair-shaped THz  Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Antenna with Enhanced Isolation for Ultra-high-speed 6G Networks," Journal of Communications, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 656-668, 2026.

Copyright © 2026 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).

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