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JCM 2025 Vol.20(6): 747-757
Doi: 10.12720/jcm.20.6.747-757

Energy-Efficient and Fair Computation Offloading for Multi-user MEC with EH Devices

I. Wayan Mustika1,*, Dedi Triyanto2, Noor Siti Halimah1, and Praphan Pavarangkoon3
1Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 695013, Indonesia
2Department of Computer Engineering, Universitas Tanjungpura, Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia
3School of Information Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailan
Email: wmustika@ugm.ac.id (I.W.M.); dedi.triyanto@siskom.untan.ac.id (D.T.); noorsitihalimah@mail.ugm.ac.id (N.S.H.); praphan.pa@kmitl.ac.th (P.P.)
*Corresponding author

Manuscript received July 9, 2025; revised August 27, 2025; accepted September 5, 2025; published December 4, 2025.

Abstract—The increasing demand for low-latency and energy-efficient mobile applications has propelled the development of Mobile Edge Computing (MEC), enabling the offloading of computational activities from resourceconstrained Mobile Devices (MDs) to nearby edge servers. This study examines a joint problem of computation offloading and resource allocation issue in a wireless multiuser, multi-server MEC system with Energy Harvesting (EH) capabilities. Our objective is to reduce long-term energy consumption while adhering to limitations related to latency, energy causality, server capacity, and Signal-To- Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio (SINR). To address the complexities of system dynamics and uncertainty in energy arrivals, we propose a low-complexity online approach utilizing Lyapunov optimization. The proposed method dynamically modifies offloading ratios, transmission power, CPU frequencies, and server allocations without requiring future data. The simulation results show that our method achieves significant energy savings, has low delays, and ensures fairness among users, even in highly congested scenarios. A comparative analysis with benchmark algorithms validates the efficacy and resilience of the proposed framework in real MEC situations.


Keywords—mobile edge computing, computation offloading, resource allocation, throughput, fairness

Cite: I. Wayan Mustika, Dedi Triyanto, Noor Siti Halimah, and Praphan Pavarangkoon, “Energy-Efficient and Fair Computation Offloading for Multi-user MEC with EH Devices," Journal of Communications, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 747-757, 2025.

Copyright © 2025 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).

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